{"id":60,"date":"2011-07-14T14:58:50","date_gmt":"2011-07-14T18:58:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/?p=60"},"modified":"2011-07-24T22:04:44","modified_gmt":"2011-07-25T02:04:44","slug":"autistics-in-the-workplace-building-social-skills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/2011\/07\/14\/autistics-in-the-workplace-building-social-skills\/","title":{"rendered":"Autistics in the Workplace: Building Social Skills"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong>Social Integration in the Workplace<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Autistic Individuals Face Special Challenges<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>and also have Special Abilities<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Remarks and Information <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Prepared for Job Counselors of the <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission (MRC)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>July 25, 2011<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><em>NB: this is a work in progress, and is not to be quoted.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><em>Your comments and suggestions are welcome and invited.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>\u00a9<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>2011 Michael Forbes Wilcox<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"><em>&#8220;Forty-two,&#8221; said Deep Thought, with infinite majesty and calm.<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"><em>&#8220;The Answer to the Great Question, of Life, the Universe and Everything&#8221;<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\"><em>&#8220;I checked it very thoroughly,&#8221; said the computer, &#8220;and that quite definitely is the answer. I think the problem, to be quite honest with you, is that you&#8217;ve never actually known what the question is.\u201d<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-small;\">From <em>The Restaurant at the End of the Universe<\/em>, by Douglas Adams <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>I don&#8217;t know that question<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">The Great Question, of Life, the Universe and Everything is not something that comes trippingly off my tongue. I do think I know why you are all here today, however. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">The great conundrum, as I understand it, facing the MRC is, why is it so <em>easy<\/em> to find jobs for Aspergerians (that is, people who, like me, have been diagnosed with Asperger&#8217;s syndrome), and so <em>difficult<\/em> for them to retain those jobs?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">As an Aspergerian, my job, in the next few minutes, is to share with you some of the things I have learned over a long lifetime; I have held many jobs, I have lost many jobs. I know some of what works and some of what doesn&#8217;t. Maybe, just maybe, I can give you some pointers on advice you can give to your clients.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I have written much for you, as I&#8217;ve pondered this conundrum, and you have a copy of something I prepared just for today. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I won&#8217;t attempt to read the whole thing to you, because I want to give you the big picture, and leave time for you to ask me questions. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Topics That I Will Cover, If Lightly<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Before I&#8217;m done, I hope to have time to say a few words about a whole bunch of things.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>First, Some Vocabulary and Basic Terminology<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Let me hasten to add that my opinions here are my own, and do not necessarily represent the positions of any of the many organizations with which I am affiliated.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">First: please! expel the word \u201cunacceptable\u201d from your vocabulary when you speak about the behavior of people with disabilities. Let it join that trash heap that now contains the word \u201cretarded\u201d and the phrase \u201cmental retardation.\u201d Instead of \u201cunacceptable,\u201d let us refer to \u201cexpected\u201d and \u201cunexpected\u201d behaviors. You will see examples of what I mean when I later talk, or you read the reference I give you, about social skills in the workplace.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Likewise, strike the word \u201cdisorder\u201d from your vocabulary. Disabilities are a normal part of the human condition. Many of us who are autistic believe that we represent a <em>different<\/em> order, not one that is better or worse. We believe in the concept of neurodiversity, meaning that autistics and non-autistics deserve to be treated as equals. If you haven&#8217;t already done so, read Jim Sinclair&#8217;s excellent piece, \u201c<em>Don&#8217;t Mourn for Us<\/em>,\u201d written in 1993 and just as relevant today as it was then.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.autreat.com\/dont_mourn.html\">http:\/\/www.autreat.com\/dont_mourn.html<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">When you speak of me, please do not refer to me as \u201ca person with autism!\u201d I am an autistic person. I know that the people who have advocated for \u201cperson first\u201d language have done so to great advantage for many sectors of the disability community. Some self-advocates, however, have rejected specific aspects of an otherwise respectful approach to speaking about people with disabilities. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Blind people, for example, so not want to be called \u201cpeople with blindness.\u201d The deaf community is even more strident, and insist on being called \u201cdeaf\u201d \u2013 not \u201cpeople with deafness.\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Here, too, Jim Sinclair has some elegant words to express why autistics prefer to be called what we are: autistic.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cafemom.com\/journals\/read\/436505\/Why_I_dislike_quot_person_first_quot_language_by_Jim_Sinclair\">http:\/\/www.cafemom.com\/journals\/read\/436505\/Why_I_dislike_quot_person_first_quot_language_by_Jim_Sinclair<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I am right-handed. You would not call me a \u201cperson with right-handedness\u201d \u2013 being right-handed, like being autistic, is part of who I am. There is nothing wrong with being left-handed (although not long ago, it was thought so; my partner, who <em>is<\/em> left-handed, grew up attending parochial schools in Springfield, and would be soundly rapped on the knuckles if she tried to write with her left hand in class). Being left-handed <em>is<\/em> a disability, however. Most tools are designed for use by right-handed people. If you are right-handed, have you ever tried to use left-handed scissors? I have. It isn&#8217;t easy. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Similarly, there is nothing wrong with being autistic, but this world was not designed for us. Autism is part of my identity. It is not something I can leave at the door when I enter a room full of non-autistics. It is not something I caught one time because I didn&#8217;t wash my hands, and it is not something that is going to go away. Nor would I want it to!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Okay, With All That Aside, Here Are My Words of Wisdom<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I have provided you with a handout that contains the following items, and a web link to my blog for a more complete discussion. Also, you have my email address; I welcome any questions you may have that I don&#8217;t have time to address or answer today, or that may occur to you later.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\">\u201c<span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Splinter \tSkills\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 this is a term often used about autistics to \tdescribe how they may be very good at some things and very poor at \tothers. Of course, this applies to all people, not just autistics, \tbut it seems that we are perhaps blessed with an even more disparate \tset of skills than is true in the non-autistic population. [As an \taside, we often affectionately refer to non-autistics as \t\u201cneurotypicals\u201d or NTs, and forgive them for their limited range \tof abilities, recognizing that it is just the way they were born; \tthey can&#8217;t help it! \ud83d\ude09 ] <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Years \tago, Howard Gardner introduced the concept of multiple \tintelligences, but his insight has not had as much influence outside \tof the academic community as one might hope, since most people still \tseem to view the \u201cIQ test\u201d as the sine qua non of intelligence.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">It \tturns out that the things that autistics are good at often requite \tan enormous attention to detail; library science, engineering, \tcomputers, and the like. The things we tend to be really bad at \tinvolves such things as social skills.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Emotional \twithdrawal:<\/strong> autistics have, in most cases, been told all their \tlives that they do things wrong. This can create great psychological \tharm, leading to severe depression at the extreme, or perhaps just \tto a reluctance to engage socially, for fear of being rebuked yet \tone more time. This reluctance to engage can be misinterpreted by \tNTs as coldness or non-interest, when in fact the person may very \tmuch want to join in, but just doesn&#8217;t know how to do it.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Lack \tof emotional regulation:<\/strong> autistics live in a world of logic. \tWhen things don&#8217;t go as they expect, or don&#8217;t make sense (a common \toccurrence when dealing with the NT world), they may appear to \u201cfly \toff the handle\u201d with rage, or experience some other form of a \tmeltdown, resulting in complete withdrawal.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Literal-mindedness:<\/strong> this does not mean we are not good at figures of speech, metaphors, \tor puns. Most of us also have a highly developed sense of humor. \tWhat we lack is the ability to \u201cread between the lines\u201d \u2013 \tthings must be spelled out step by step for us. Of course, it is \talso up to us to learn how to elicit missing information, but many \tof us do not recognize when that occurs.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Sensory \tIssues:<\/strong> Aspergerians share with all autistics an aversion to \tcertain stimuli. This will vary from person to person. We all have \tsomething, but what bothers me may not bother another. \tAccommodations must be sought or created. This is connected with the \tissues of self-awareness and disclosure. <\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Not \tWanting to be Different:<\/strong> this seems especially applicable to \tyounger people.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Perspective-taking:<\/strong> <em>the<\/em> most difficult challenge for many autistic brains. And, \tthe heart and soul of social skills. And, although this is inherent \tin us, it is not our natural place to go, so must be trained. The \tvery most difficult thing for us to do is to see ourselves as others \tsee us.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>About Me<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I&#8217;m autistic, and I&#8217;m proud of it! I was diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome (AS) late in life, and I&#8217;ve come to appreciate how special that makes me. I&#8217;ve always known I&#8217;m different, but I never comprehended how very different I am. Now that I understand the deficiencies of the neurotypical (NT) mind, I have become much more accepting of the 99% of people in the world who just don&#8217;t get it! They can&#8217;t help it, they were just born that way!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I say this in jest, because I tire of being told that I have a disorder, and that my way of doing things is somehow wrong. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I&#8217;m not disorderly, and there is nothing wrong with the way I do things. It is just different. I think differently, I do things differently. My way of thinking is perfectly cogent and internally consistent, even if it is incomprehensible to 99% of the population. So, stop telling me to change, stop telling me that I need to \u201cfit in\u201d and start accepting me for who I am.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Okay, great speech, but it ain&#8217;t gonna work! My natural way of being produces discomfort in most of the people I encounter in life. So, as a survival mechanism, I have needed to learn how to hide my differences, and to play their game. It&#8217;s hard work, and I don&#8217;t always succeed, but when the alternative is total rejection, there is a huge incentive to be able to fake it. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I&#8217;m told that many employment counselors are puzzled by their autistic clients. Someone who is diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome may be clearly qualified academically in their field, and even have an impressive employment history (at least on paper). Yet, they may have difficultly securing employment. And, even more significantly, they may have a history of being unable to retain a job once they have been placed. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I have been asked to address the puzzle of why many Aspergerians appear to be highly qualified for employment, may even have a good-looking resum<span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">\u00e9<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">, and yet have great difficulty in obtaining new employment, and perhaps even more puzzling, have a history of not lasting very long on a job, so that they are soon back on the hunt for employment. Obviously, helping these people find and retain good jobs would be beneficial for them, for their employers, and for their support network.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Let&#8217;s Figure Out What Is the Proper Question!<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Superficially, the question is clear: why is it that autistic people have such great difficulty securing and retaining jobs for which they are clearly qualified?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">The answer to that question, however, is quite simple. They lack the social skills that are expected in the NT world. Neurotypicals, because of the way their brains are wired, easily acquire the social skills they need in order to \u201cfit in\u201d to NT culture; autistic people often complain that everyone else seems to know the rules, but no one has given us a copy of the rulebook! <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Is this because of some deficiency in the neurology of autistics? No, not in my view. When I am in a room full of autistic people, I can relax and behave naturally, since everyone else will understand me, and I will know what is expected. If I am talking and someone interrupts me, I can switch gears and go with the new train of thought without resentment, or I can tell them to stop interrupting me and continue with my own exposition, and no one will think either one of us is being rude. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Once, when I was giving a presentation to a fairly large audience of Aspergerians, a young woman in the back row shouted out, \u201cGet out of my head!\u201d I took that as a great compliment. We do understand each other, the way NTs understand each other. But it&#8217;s very difficult to be bilingual. For the most part, NTs don&#8217;t try, unless they are therapists or in a relationship with someone who is autistic. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">On the other hand, autistics are expected to learn what is expected in the NT world, and, quite frankly, to be successful in it, they need to do just that. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">So, rather than ask the easily-answered question of \u201cWhy?\u201d let&#8217;s move on to a \u201cHow?\u201d question, along the lines of \u201cHow can autistic people learn social skills and develop strategies for navigating the shoals of a world that is inherently incomprehensible?\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Labels<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">When talking about myself, I use \u201cAspergerian\u201d and \u201cautistic\u201d pretty much interchangeably, my choice depends on the context or my mood. All Aspergerians are autistic, but not the other way around. There is great value to the Asperger label, in my experience. It tends to be less stigmatizing (although I wish that weren&#8217;t true), and it helps conjure up a image that may be helpful to others in forming their expectations. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">The other advantage of the Asperger label is that it has helped unite a community and created an opportunity for many people to gain understanding and support. I know the Asperger community has been a huge help to me over the past few years. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Still, we all know that individuals are unique, and there are plenty of people who have not received the AS diagnosis who can benefit from learning about the skills I mention in this discussion, just as there may be Aspergerians who, for unrelated reasons, may not be in a position to enter the workforce. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">So, although people with the AS and closely-related diagnoses may represent the majority of autistic people you encounter, the very same skill set discussed here can also benefit anyone who is autistic. All autistics have much more in common with each other than they do with the NT world.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><strong>Reasons Autistics have Difficulty with Social Integration in the Workplace<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">The following list is not meant to be exhaustive, but to give a flavor for the challenges facing autistics as they try to do what is expected of them in the workplace. These items are also not presented in any particular order, since they all interact with each other, and in some cases are just different ways of saying the same thing. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[1]\t\u201cSplinter Skills\u201d is a term used to describe people (not necessarity autistics) who appear to have very different skill levels in different aspects of life. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/autism.about.com\/b\/2008\/11\/03\/why-autistic-splinter-skills-should-be-celebrated.htm\">http:\/\/autism.about.com\/b\/2008\/11\/03\/why-autistic-splinter-skills-should-be-celebrated.htm<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">This is closely related to Howard Gardner&#8217;s concept of \u201cmultiple intelligences\u201d \u2013 a theory that he began developing in the 1980s and which came into full bloom in the 1990s, and is considered by many to have been a paradigm-shifting way of thinking about intelligence [q.v. <span style=\"color: #000000;\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial;\">Kuhn, Thomas, S., &#8220;The Structure of Scientific Revolutions&#8221;, Second Edition, Enlarged, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1970 (1962)<\/span><\/span> which itself was a paradigm-shifting piece of work!].<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">What Gardner pointed out, in essence, is that intelligence cannot be measured on a single scale; we all have talents in multiple areas, and we are not necessarily equally adept at each of these skills.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.infed.org\/thinkers\/gardner.htm\">http:\/\/www.infed.org\/thinkers\/gardner.htm<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I have a friend who uses the term \u201cdull normal\u201d when referring to NTs, as in \u201cwould you rather be weird or dull normal?\u201d My friend John Robison has talked about his belief that NTs tend to have a similar intelligence level in most areas, whereas autistics seem to have variable intelligence levels, being very good at some things (such as he was at electrical engineering), and very bad at others (such as social skills). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Despite the acceptance of Gardner&#8217;s ideas in the academic world, his paradigm shift has not entered many areas of practice. We still use a single scale of intelligence, for example, to define who is eligible for services from DDS.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[2] \tAutistics carry the burden of a lifetime of being told \u201cyou&#8217;re doing it wrong.\u201d This can lead to a fear of social interactions with their potential for rejection, and may inhibit autistics from sharing their thoughts. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">All of this may give others the impression that autistic people are shy, uninterested in friendship or social involvement, and prefer to be left alone. This is usually not true; it is just that they don&#8217;t know how to initiate the interaction.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[3]\tLack of emotional regulation \u2013 \u201cflying off the handle\u201d or panicking. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Monotonic emotional presentation \u2013 the inability to emote may give off the (false) impression of being \u201ccold\u201d or uncaring, incapable of empathy. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">All of this may be a result of or perhaps lead to withdrawal and depression.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[4] \tLiteral mindedness: this does not imply the inability to understand metaphor and figures of speech; rather to not being able to \u201cread between the line\u201d and make inferences. We do not know, as NTs seem to, that \u201cB\u201d ALWAYS follows \u201cA\u201d so that telling an NT to \u201cdo A\u201d is equivalent to saying \u201cdo A and B\u201d \u2013 the autistic person will do \u201cA\u201d and stop, leaving the boss to wonder why they are being uncooperative (or stupid). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Solutions: [A] we must be given a specific task list OR told what the objective is, rather than how to achieve it. (Don&#8217;t \u201cbox us in\u201d if you want us to \u201cthink outside the box\u201d \u2013 a concept most of us don&#8217;t understand anyway!)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[B] We must learn to solicit information when we suspect we are not being given the whole picture.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[5] \tSensory integration\/regulation issues \u2013 e.g. continuous or loud noise, bright lights, etc. may be totally distracting or even lead to physical reactions and distress.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">It is in the interest of employers to provide reasonable accommodation where they are needed, in order to maximize the productivity of each employee. This platitude, however, is often honored in the breach. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">In my days in the job market, long before I understood the concept of accommodations, or even knew that I needed them, I found clever ways to create them for myself.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">For example, I learned early on that, for me, the rush-hour scene was especially stressful. The crowds, the noise, the delays all distressed me. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">My first \u201creal\u201d job came to me while I was living in Springfield in the late 1960s; I got a job as a computer programmer for an insurance company in Bloomfield, Connecticut. At the time, I was attending AIC in Springfield at night, working toward my bachelor&#8217;s degree. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">I would often arrive home at 10 o&#8217;clock or so, attempt to do some homework, have some conversation with my wife, maybe watch some late-night TV to help me unwind, and end up hitting the sack around midnight. All of that made it quite challenging to get on the road in time to be at work by 8 o&#8217;clock, given that I lived about a 40-minute drive from my office.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[6] \tNot WANTING to be different. Especially true among the younger crowd. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Antidote: knowledge  \u2013&gt; understanding \u2013&gt; acceptance<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Self-acceptance can&#8217;t be imposed, and needs to be preceded by the first two.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Those who are autistic do not intuit how very different they are.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">[7]\tPerspective-taking. Flows from [6].<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\">Resources:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><em><strong>Social Thinking At Work<\/strong><\/em>, by Michelle Garcia Winner and Pamela Crooke, 2011, northriverpress.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/northriverpress.com\/excerpt-from-social-thinking-at-work\/\">http:\/\/northriverpress.com\/excerpt-from-social-thinking-at-work\/<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><em><strong>Asperger&#8217;s on the Job<\/strong><\/em>, by Rudy Simone, 2010, Future Horizons, Inc.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fhautism.com\/\">http:\/\/www.fhautism.com\/<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Social Integration in the Workplace Autistic Individuals Face Special Challenges and also have Special Abilities &nbsp; Remarks and Information Prepared for Job Counselors of the Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission (MRC) July 25, 2011 &nbsp; NB: this is a work in progress, and is not to be quoted. Your comments and suggestions are welcome and invited. &nbsp; &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/2011\/07\/14\/autistics-in-the-workplace-building-social-skills\/\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60\/revisions\/63"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mfw.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}